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* Products  
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  * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown)  
    [AI-Driven Security Operations Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cloud Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Application Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cloud Posture Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-posture-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cloud Runtime Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/runtime-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Prisma Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/cloud?ts=markdown)
  
  * [AI-Driven SOC](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsiam?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr?ts=markdown)
  
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  * [Cortex XSOAR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsoar?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Exposure Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/exposure-management?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Xpanse](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cortex Advanced Email Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/advanced-email-security?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 Managed Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 Managed XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown)

* Solutions  
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  Secure AI by Design
  
  * [Secure AI Ecosystem](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-ai-runtime-security?ts=markdown)
  * [Secure GenAI Usage](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/ai-access-security?ts=markdown)  
    Network Security
  * [Cloud Network Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/software-firewalls?ts=markdown)
  * [Data Center Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/data-center?ts=markdown)
  * [DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-dns-security?ts=markdown)
  * [Intrusion Detection and Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown)
  * [Device Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/device-security?ts=markdown)
  * [OT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/ot-device-security?ts=markdown)
  * [5G Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/5g-security?ts=markdown)
  * [Secure All Apps, Users and Locations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/secure-users-data-apps-devices?ts=markdown)
  * [Secure Branch Transformation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/secure-branch-transformation?ts=markdown)
  * [Secure Work on Any Device](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/secure-work-on-any-device?ts=markdown)
  * [VPN Replacement](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/vpn-replacement-for-secure-remote-access?ts=markdown)
  * [Web \& Phishing Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-url-filtering?ts=markdown)  
    Cloud Security
  * [Application Security Posture Management (ASPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Software Supply Chain Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/software-supply-chain-security?ts=markdown)
  * [Code Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/code-security?ts=markdown)
  * [Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management (CIEM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-infrastructure-entitlement-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Data Security Posture Management (DSPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/data-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [AI Security Posture Management (AI-SPM)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/ai-security-posture-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Cloud Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [Cloud Workload Protection (CWP)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-workload-protection?ts=markdown)
  * [Web Application \& API Security (WAAS)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/web-app-api-security?ts=markdown)  
    Security Operations
  * [Cloud Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [Security Information and Event Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/modernize-siem?ts=markdown)
  * [Network Security Automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/network-security-automation?ts=markdown)
  * [Incident Case Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/incident-case-management?ts=markdown)
  * [SOC Automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/security-operations-automation?ts=markdown)
  * [Threat Intel Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/threat-intel-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Managed Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
  * [Attack Surface Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse/attack-surface-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Compliance Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse/compliance-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Internet Operations Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse/internet-operations-management?ts=markdown)
  * [Extended Data Lake (XDL)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdl?ts=markdown)
  * [Agentic Assistant](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-agentic-assistant?ts=markdown)  
    Endpoint Security
  * [Endpoint Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/endpoint-protection?ts=markdown)
  * [Extended Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/detection-and-response?ts=markdown)
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  * [Small \& Medium Business Solutions](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/small-medium-business-portfolio?ts=markdown)

* Services  
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  [Threat Intel and Incident Response Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Assess](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess?ts=markdown)
  
  * [AI Security Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/ai-security-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Attack Surface Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/attack-surface-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Breach Readiness Review](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/breach-readiness-review?ts=markdown)
  
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  * [Cloud Security Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/cloud-security-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Compromise Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/compromise-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
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  * [M\&A Cyber Due Diligence](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/mergers-acquisitions-cyber-due-diligence?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Penetration Testing](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/penetration-testing?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Purple Team Exercises](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/purple-teaming?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Ransomware Readiness Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/ransomware-readiness-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [SOC Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/soc-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Supply Chain Risk Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/supply-chain-risk-assessment?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Tabletop Exercises](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/assess/tabletop-exercise?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 Retainer](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Respond](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Cloud Incident Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/cloud-incident-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Digital Forensics](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/digital-forensics?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Incident Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/incident-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Managed Detection and Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/managed-detection-response?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Managed Threat Hunting](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/managed-threat-hunting?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Managed XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Unit 42 Retainer](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Transform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform?ts=markdown)
  
  * [IR Plan Development and Review](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform/incident-response-plan-development-review?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Security Program Design](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform/security-program-design?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Virtual CISO](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform/vciso?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Zero Trust Advisory](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/transform/zero-trust-advisory?ts=markdown)  
    [Global Customer Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services?ts=markdown)
  
  * [Education \& Training](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/education?ts=markdown)
  
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    UNIT 42 RETAINER
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* Partners  
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  * [Solution Providers](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-solution-providers?ts=markdown)
  * [Managed Security Service Providers](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/managed-security-service-providers?ts=markdown)
  * [XMDR Partners](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/managed-security-service-providers/xmdr?ts=markdown)  
    Take Action
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  * [Become a Partner](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerregistration?type=becomepartner)
  * [Request Access](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerregistration?type=requestaccess)
  * [Find a Partner](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerlocator)  
    [CYBERFORCE
    CYBERFORCE represents the top 1% of partner engineers trusted for their security expertise.
    Learn more](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberforce?ts=markdown)

* Company  
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  Palo Alto Networks
  
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  * [Precision AI Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/precision-ai-security?ts=markdown)
  * [Our Platform Approach](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/why-paloaltonetworks/platformization?ts=markdown)
  * [Accelerate Your Cybersecurity Transformation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/why-paloaltonetworks/nam-cxo-portfolio?ts=markdown)
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    Careers
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    Read more](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/press/2021/palo-alto-networks-secures-top-ranking-on-newsweek-s-most-loved-workplaces-list-for-2021?ts=markdown)

* More  
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  * [Threat Vector Podcast](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit-42-threat-vector-podcast/)
  * [Packet Pushers Podcasts](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/podcasts/packet-pusher?ts=markdown)  
    Connect
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3. [Layer 3 vs Layer 7 Firewall: What Are the Differences?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall?ts=markdown)  
   Table of Contents

* [What is a layer 3 firewall (network firewall)?](#what)
* [What is a layer 7 firewall (application firewall)?](#application)
* [How do layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls compare?](#how)
* [How to choose between layer 3 firewalls and layer 7 firewalls](#choose)
* [Layer 3 vs. layer 7 firewall FAQs](#faqs)

# Layer 3 vs Layer 7 Firewall: What Are the Differences?

5 min. read  
Table of Contents

* [What is a layer 3 firewall (network firewall)?](#what)
* [What is a layer 7 firewall (application firewall)?](#application)
* [How do layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls compare?](#how)
* [How to choose between layer 3 firewalls and layer 7 firewalls](#choose)
* [Layer 3 vs. layer 7 firewall FAQs](#faqs)

1. What is a layer 3 firewall (network firewall)?

* [1. What is a layer 3 firewall (network firewall)?](#what)
* [2. What is a layer 7 firewall (application firewall)?](#application)
* [3. How do layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls compare?](#how)
* [4. How to choose between layer 3 firewalls and layer 7 firewalls](#choose)
* [5. Layer 3 vs. layer 7 firewall FAQs](#faqs)

The difference between a layer 3 and layer 7 firewall is that layer 3 firewalls filter traffic based solely on IP addresses and port numbers, while layer 7 firewalls inspect the content within application data to make more detailed decisions.

More specifically, layer 3 firewalls quickly filter traffic based on IP addresses and ports, offering high throughput without inspecting content. In contrast, layer 7 firewalls examine application layer data to address complex threats targeting specific vulnerabilities, which is essential for thorough security but requires more computational resources.

## What is a layer 3 firewall (network firewall)?

![Network Firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/network-firewall.png)

A layer 3 [firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-firewall?ts=markdown), also known as a network firewall, operates at the network layer of the [OSI model](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-layer-7?ts=markdown)---the same level as routers. This [type of firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/types-of-firewalls?ts=markdown) monitors and filters traffic based on IP addresses and port numbers, using protocols similar to those that routers use.

![Network Layer](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/network-layer.png)

For example: A layer 3 firewall might allow traffic from specific IP addresses while blocking all others, which is a strategy known as allowlisting. Alternatively, it could block traffic from known malicious sources, AKA denylisting. This level of traffic management is effective because it allows or denies access based on source and destination ports, without examining the contents within the data packets.

Like this:

![Layer 3 Firewall allowlisting vs. denylisting](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/layer-3-firewall-allowlisting-vs-denylisting.png)

This method means that layer 3 firewalls can handle a fairly high volume of traffic efficiently. They're designed to provide broad coverage, applying universally across any IP-based scenarios without the need for complex protocol-specific configurations.

However:

Layer 3 firewalls don't inspect the content of data packets. They focus only on the outer parameters. For threats that exploit the content within packets, a more detailed inspection at a higher OSI model layer is necessary.

*** ** * ** ***

***Further reading:***

* [What Is a Network Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-network-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [What Is a Packet Filtering Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-packet-filtering-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [What Is a Stateful Firewall? | Stateful Inspection Firewalls Explained](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-stateful-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [What Is a Perimeter Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-perimeter-firewall?ts=markdown)

*** ** * ** ***

## What is a layer 7 firewall (application firewall)?

![Web Application Firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/web-application-firewall.png)

A layer 7 firewall, also known as an application firewall, operates at the application layer of the OSI model. The application layer is the topmost layer, which handles the actual content of the data traveling over the network.

![Application Layer](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/application-layer.png)

Unlike simpler firewalls that filter traffic merely based on IP addresses and ports, layer 7 firewalls dive deeper---they examine the actual contents of data packets.

In other words, a layer 7 firewall can scrutinize the specifics of what's inside a data packet, like application data.

For example: A layer 7 firewall might allow traffic to a web server through HTTP but can block requests that contain malicious content like SQL injection attacks. This makes layer 7 firewalls incredibly effective at protecting against application-specific attacks that other types of firewalls might miss.

Here's what it looks like:

![Layer 7 Firewall Deep Packet Inspection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/layer-7-firewall-deep-packet-inspection.png)

Note: Deep packet inspection does have its trade-offs.

Here's why.

Layer 7 firewalls process and analyze much more information---which means they generally have lower throughput compared to layer 3 firewalls.

The process a layer 7 firewall undergoes includes:

1. Decomposing each packet
2. Inspecting its contents according to a complex set of rules
3. Making a decision about whether to allow it through

The detailed scrutiny is computationally expensive. But crucial for securing applications from sophisticated attacks.

Why is this significant?

First, because web applications have effectively become the norm. Plus, cyber threats are exponentially increasing in sophistication.

Which makes a firewall's ability to understand application-level data nonnegotiable. Layer 7 firewalls aren't just filtering traffic. They're actively analyzing it to detect and block potentially harmful interactions that occur at the highest level of network communication.

*** ** * ** ***

***Further reading:***

* [What Is a Web Application Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-web-application-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [What Is a Proxy Firewall? | Proxy Firewall Defined \& Explained](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-proxy-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [What Is a Container Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-container-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [What Is a Virtual Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-virtual-firewall?ts=markdown)

*** ** * ** ***

## How do layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls compare?

|                                                            **Comparison: Layer 3 vs. layer 7 firewalls**                                                             |||
|-------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|                               | **Layer 3 firewalls**                              | **Layer 7 firewalls**                                                             |
| **OSI model layer**           | Network layer                                      | Application layer                                                                 |
| **Traffic filtering**         | Based on IP addresses and ports                    | Examines contents within data packets                                             |
| **Performance**               | High throughput; handles large volumes of traffic  | Lower throughput due to deep packet inspection                                    |
| **Speed of inspection**       | Fast; simple filtering based on addresses \& ports | Slower; detailed analysis of packet contents                                      |
| **Security focus**            | General threats; basic access control              | Complex, application-targeted threats                                             |
| **Use case**                  | Suitable where speed and volume are critical       | Needed for sensitive applications needing deep inspection                         |
| **Typical threat mitigation** | Blocks threats based on source/destination info    | Mitigates threats exploiting application vulnerabilities like SQL injections, XSS |

Layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls provide distinct forms of protection.

Again, layer 3 firewalls operate at the network layer of the OSI model. They filter traffic based purely on IP addresses and ports. And that allows them to manage and sift through large volumes of data quickly and efficiently by checking where traffic is coming from and where it's headed.

On the other hand, layer 7 firewalls function at the application layer. As discussed, they provide a deeper level of scrutiny by examining the contents within the data packets themselves instead of just the source or destination. So layer 7 firewalls can identify and mitigate threats that exploit specific application vulnerabilities, like SQL injections or cross-site scripting attacks.

![Layer 3 Vs. Layer 7 Firewalls In Practice](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewalls-practice.png)

The primary differences between layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls are their approaches and depth of inspection.

Layer 3 firewalls are faster and can handle more traffic. Filtering is simpler and more straightforward because it's just based on addresses and ports. Which makes them suitable for situations where speed and volume are critical.

Conversely:

Layer 7 firewalls---while slower and more resource-intensive because of the detailed analysis of packet contents---offer enhanced security by targeting more sophisticated threats that require inspection beyond IP and port filtering.

Although they target different aspects of traffic, layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls are in no way mutually exclusive. Both firewalls very often complement each other in [network security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-network-security?ts=markdown) architecture.

Ultimately:

* Layer 3 firewalls effectively block general threats and reduce the volume of traffic that needs more detailed inspection.
* Layer 7 firewalls provide critical defenses against complex, application-targeted attacks that might otherwise bypass simpler filtering methods.
* Together, they form a comprehensive shield, each layer addressing specific security needs that contribute to the overall protection of the network.

*** ** * ** ***

***Further reading:***

* [What Is a Hardware Firewall? Definition \& Explanation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-hardware-firewall?ts=markdown)
* [Hardware Firewalls vs. Software Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/hardware-firewall-vs-software-firewall?ts=markdown)

*** ** * ** ***

## How to choose between layer 3 firewalls and layer 7 firewalls

In reality, the choice between a layer 3 and a layer 7 firewall won't present itself because each does different things.

Both layer 3 and layer 7 firewalls have distinct functionalities. Which means, again, that they're not mutually exclusive but complementary.

In environments where high throughput and basic access control are sufficient, a layer 3 firewall may be adequate on its own.

However:

For protecting sensitive applications or where security needs are more complex, a layer 7 firewall provides the necessary depth of inspection and enhanced security measures.

In practice, a complete approach to network security involves using both types of firewalls (at the very least).

A layer 3 firewall can be deployed at the network edge to handle high volumes of traffic and perform basic filtering. Traffic that passes the initial layer of security can then be directed to a layer 7 firewall for detailed inspection of data at the application level.

A layered defense strategy is the modern norm. This approach offers the best of both worlds: efficient processing and comprehensive security thanks to the strengths of each firewall where they're most effective.

Which adds up to a flexible, adaptive security posture that can address a wide range of threats.

*** ** * ** ***

***Further reading:** [What Does a Firewall Do? | How Firewalls Work](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-does-a-firewall-do?ts=markdown)*

*** ** * ** ***

[![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/layer-3-vs-layer-7-firewall/banner-demand-gen-find-out-which-software-firewall-is-right.png)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/infographics/software-firewall-selector?ts=markdown)

## Layer 3 vs. layer 7 firewall FAQs

### What is a layer 7 firewall?

A layer 7 firewall operates at the application layer of the OSI model, inspecting the content within data packets to provide advanced security against complex threats that exploit specific application vulnerabilities.

### What is the difference between L3 and L7 DDoS?

L3 DDoS attacks target network resources using methods like IP flooding, while L7 DDoS attacks aim at the application layer, exploiting specific application vulnerabilities to disrupt service.

### What is the difference between Layer 7 and Layer 4 firewall?

Layer 7 firewalls analyze data within application payloads for deep content inspection, whereas layer 4 firewalls filter traffic based on transport layer information like TCP/UDP ports without inspecting packet content.

### What is firewall layer 3?

A layer 3 firewall, also known as a network firewall, filters traffic based on IP addresses and port numbers at the network layer, offering fast throughput and basic security by controlling access without inspecting data content.
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