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[Secure Web Gateway vs. WAF: What Is the Difference?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/swg-vs-waf?ts=markdown) Table of Contents * [What Is a SWG?](#swg) * [What Is a WAF?](#waf) * [Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Differences?](#differences) * [Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Similarities?](#similarities) * [Can SWG and WAF Work Together?](#swg-and-waf) * [The Roles of SWG and WAF in SASE](#roles) * [WAF vs. Secure Web Gateway FAQs](#faq) # Secure Web Gateway vs. WAF: What Is the Difference? 3 min. read Table of Contents * [What Is a SWG?](#swg) * [What Is a WAF?](#waf) * [Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Differences?](#differences) * [Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Similarities?](#similarities) * [Can SWG and WAF Work Together?](#swg-and-waf) * [The Roles of SWG and WAF in SASE](#roles) * [WAF vs. Secure Web Gateway FAQs](#faq) 1. What Is a SWG? * [1. What Is a SWG?](#swg) * [2. What Is a WAF?](#waf) * [3. Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Differences?](#differences) * [4. Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Similarities?](#similarities) * [5. Can SWG and WAF Work Together?](#swg-and-waf) * [6. The Roles of SWG and WAF in SASE](#roles) * [7. WAF vs. Secure Web Gateway FAQs](#faq) ## What Is a SWG? ![A diagram showing SWG components and traffic flow from offices and remote work to the cloud.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/how-secure-web-gateway-works.png "A diagram showing SWG components and traffic flow from offices and remote work to the cloud.") A web security gateway, also known as a secure web gateway or SWG, is a vital network security tool that manages network access and acts as an intermediary between users and the internet. It filters and monitors internet traffic to enforce corporate policies and protect against cyberthreats. Organizations deploy SWGs either on premises or in the cloud. Secure web gateways inspect outgoing web requests, authenticate users, and enforce security policies to ensure internet usage complies with organizational standards. A SWG's primary function is to provide a secure gateway for internet traffic, protecting against malicious websites, malware, and other cyberthreats. By filtering and inspecting web traffic in real time, SWGs can detect and block threats before they reach the end user's device. This helps organizations prevent attacks and data breaches, maintain compliance with regulatory requirements, and safeguard sensitive information. SWGs play a crucial role in ensuring the security and integrity of an organization's network. They provide a comprehensive security solution that goes beyond basic network security by offering advanced features like URL filtering, application control, and antimalware protection. Additionally, SWGs can help organizations optimize network performance by caching frequently accessed web content and reducing bandwidth usage. *[What Is a Secure Web Gateway (SWG)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-secure-web-gateway)?* ## What Is a WAF? ![WAF diagram showing how HTTP traffic sources get filtered, with approved and blocked paths, before reaching Destination Server.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/web-app-firewall.png "WAF diagram showing how HTTP traffic sources get filtered, with approved and blocked paths, before reaching Destination Server.") A web application firewall (WAF) works by scrutinizing and filtering HTTP traffic to protect against threats like XSS, SQL injection, and file inclusion. WAFs are an essential defense for web applications, web servers, and APIs. They focus on Layer 7, specifically targeting application-level threats. WAFs sit in front of web applications where they act as reverse proxies, intercepting and inspecting data packets to ensure only legitimate traffic reaches the application. A web application firewall uses access control to promptly block suspicious or malicious traffic, preventing potential attacks. This setup boosts web application security and shields applications from direct exposure to internet threats. WAFs use policies or rule sets to differentiate between traffic that contains malicious code and benign traffic. Security analysts can adjust rules swiftly, allowing for immediate responses to emerging threats or evolving attack patterns. Regular rule updates are crucial for maintaining security. ## Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Differences? | Differences Between WAF and Web Security Gateway || |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | **SWG** | **WAF** | | \* Filters unwanted software/internet traffic \* Enforces policy compliance \* Deployed on servers, cloud VMs, or as software \* URL filtering, antimalware, application control, threat prevention features \* Inspects all outgoing/incoming web traffic \* Authenticates users against use policies \* Safeguards organizations from web threats | \* Protects web applications from attacks \* Filters and monitors data packets \* Deployment as software, appliances, or service \* Protects against XSS, SQL injection, cookie poisoning \* Inspects HTTP/S traffic for malicious requests \* Policy customization for web app needs \* Maintains security of sensitive data in web apps | ### Purpose and Focus A SWG primarily aims to filter unwanted software and internet traffic to enforce corporate and regulatory policy compliance. In contrast, a WAF focuses on protecting web applications from attacks by filtering and monitoring HTTP traffic. ### Deployment SWG deployment options include physical servers, cloud-based virtual machines, or software applications. SWGs sit between users and the internet. On the other hand, WAF deployment options include software, appliances, or as a service. ### Key Features SWG features typically include URL filtering, antimalware, application control, and threat prevention. WAFs offer protection against application-level attacks such as cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, and cookie poisoning, with policy customization for meeting the unique needs of web applications. ### Traffic Inspection Approach SWGs inspect all outgoing and incoming web traffic, authenticating users and examining requests to ensure compliance with acceptable use policies. WAFs specifically inspect HTTP/S traffic to and from web applications, focusing on identifying and blocking malicious requests based on a set of defined policies. ### Use Cases SWGs safeguard organizations from web-based threats and enforce internet usage policies. WAFs protect web applications from targeted attacks and help maintain the security and integrity of sensitive data processed by these applications. ## Secure Web Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: What Are the Similarities? | Web Security Gateway vs. Web Application Firewall: How Are They Similar? || |---|---| | \* Both enforce specific security policies \* Help organizations comply with regulatory standards \* Protect sensitive data from breaches \* Guard against cyber threats \* Adapt to new and evolving threats with updates \* Update filtering and monitoring mechanisms \* Implement new rules to stay relevant against security risks || ### Policy Enforcement Both technologies enforce specific security policies. SWGs implement policies to ensure safe internet usage and compliance with regulatory requirements. WAFs apply policies to protect web applications from vulnerabilities and attacks like SQL injection and cross-site scripting. ### Compliance and Data Protection Both SWGs and WAFs play a role in helping organizations comply with regulatory standards and protect sensitive data. They provide mechanisms to prevent data breaches, safeguard against cyber threats, and ensure internet usage and web applications adhere to compliance requirements. ### Adaptability to Threats Modern SWG and WAF systems both adapt to new and evolving threats. They update filtering and monitoring mechanisms to respond to the latest security risks. Through updates to threat databases and the ability to implement new rules, both technologies remain relevant in a rapidly changing security environment. ## Can SWG and WAF Work Together? Secure web gateways and web application firewalls serve as essential elements in an organization's defense strategy. They complement each other by securing different segments of network traffic. SWGs inspect and filter all outbound and inbound web traffic, while WAFs shield web applications by filtering inbound HTTP traffic. ## The Roles of SWG and WAF in SASE SWG forms a core component of [secure access service edge](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-sase) (SASE) by providing comprehensive web security. Its role is to block access to or from malicious websites and internet traffic, apply corporate and regulatory policy compliance, and prevent threats such as malware from reaching the network or endpoints. By operating at the network edge, SWGs can apply consistent security policies and data protection measures for all users, regardless of location. WAFs are not an explicit component of SASE architecture, however, they naturally fit into the SASE framework because they focus on protecting web applications. In a SASE architecture, the role of WAF is to ensure the integrity and security of web applications that remote users access. In the context of SASE, both SWGs and WAFs work to secure distinct aspects of an organization's internet facing infrastructure. Together, they offer a layered defense against a wide range of cyberthreats, crucial for protecting the dispersed resources and remote nature of today's enterprise environments. ## WAF vs. Secure Web Gateway FAQs ### What is the difference between a web security gateway and WAF? A web gateway secures internet access by filtering unwanted software, while a web application firewall (WAF) protects web applications from attacks by filtering and monitoring HTTP traffic. ### What is the difference between a firewall and a web security gateway? A firewall secures a network by controlling inbound and outbound traffic, while a web security gateway specifically secures web traffic. ### What is the difference between gateway and firewall? A gateway connects different networks and routes traffic, while a firewall filters traffic between networks based on security rules. ### What is the difference between an API gateway and a WAF? An API gateway manages and routes API requests, while a WAF protects APIs from attacks by filtering HTTP traffic. ### What is the difference between an application gateway and application firewall? An application gateway routes application traffic for load balancing, while an application firewall protects applications by filtering malicious traffic. Related Content [What Is SASE? SASE unifies SD-WAN with security functions like SWG, CASB, FWaaS, and ZTNA into one service.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-sase?ts=markdown) [Cloud Secure Web Gateway Cloud SWG safely enables applications, users, content and devices by eliminating all known and unknown threats.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/datasheets/cloud-secure-web-gateway?ts=markdown) [Cloud Secure Web Gateway for Complete Security Learn how Cloud SWG delivers complete, industry-leading security through Prisma Access.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/videos/cloud-secure-web-gateway-for-complete-industry-leading-security?ts=markdown) [Cloud Secure Web Gateway For Dummies® Discover how a cloud secure web gateway (SWG) delivers complete security.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/techbriefs/cloud-secure-web-gateway-for-dummies?ts=markdown) ![Share page on facebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/facebook-circular-icon.svg) ![Share page on linkedin](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/linkedin-circular-icon.svg) [![Share page by an email](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/email-circular-icon.svg)](mailto:?subject=Secure%20Web%20Gateway%20vs.%20WAF%3A%20What%20Is%20the%20Difference%3F&body=The%20difference%20between%20an%20SWG%20and%20a%20WAF%20is%20that%20SWGs%20protect%20client%20initiated%20web%20traffic%2C%20while%20WAFs%20secure%20web%20apps%20exposed%20to%20internet%20traffic.%20at%20https%3A//www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/swg-vs-waf) Back to Top {#footer} ## 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