[](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/?ts=markdown) * [](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/?ts=markdown) * Products Products AI Security [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/prisma-AIRS-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs?ts=markdown) [AI Security Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs?ts=markdown) * [AI Gateway](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-gateway?ts=markdown) * [AI Model Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-model-security?ts=markdown) * [AI Red Teaming](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-red-teaming?ts=markdown) * [AI Runtime Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-runtime-security?ts=markdown) * [Agent Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/agent-security?ts=markdown) * [AI Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/cloud/ai-spm?ts=markdown) Secure GenAI Tools * [Prisma Browser](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/prisma-browser?ts=markdown) Network Security [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/strata-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security?ts=markdown) [Secure the Network](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall?ts=markdown) * [Hardware Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/hardware-firewall-innovations?ts=markdown) * [Software Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/software-firewalls?ts=markdown) * [Strata Cloud Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/strata-cloud-manager?ts=markdown) * [OT / Industrial Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/ot-security-solution?ts=markdown) * [Device \& IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/device-security?ts=markdown) * [5G Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/5g-security?ts=markdown) * [Managed Firewalls - Azure](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw-for-azure?ts=markdown) * [Managed Firewalls - AWS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw?ts=markdown) [Cloud-Delivered Security Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/security-subscriptions?ts=markdown) * [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown) * [Advanced URL Filtering](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-url-filtering?ts=markdown) * [Advanced WildFire](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-wildfire?ts=markdown) * [Advanced DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-dns-security?ts=markdown) * [Advanced IP Defense](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-ip-defense?ts=markdown) * [Quantum Safe Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/quantum-safe-security?ts=markdown) * [Next-Gen Trust Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-gen-trust-security?ts=markdown) SASE [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/prisma-sase-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) [Secure Access (SASE)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Access (ZTNA)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/access?ts=markdown) * [SD-WAN](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/sd-wan?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Browser](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/prisma-browser?ts=markdown) * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown) * [Enterprise DLP](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention?ts=markdown) Security Operations [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/cortex-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) [Security Operations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) * [AI-Driven SOC](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsiam?ts=markdown) * [Extended Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr?ts=markdown) * [Security Orchestration \& Automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsoar?ts=markdown) * [Attack Surface Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse?ts=markdown) * [Exposure Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/exposure-management?ts=markdown) * [Email Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/advanced-email-security?ts=markdown) * [Threat Intelligence Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/threat-intel-management?ts=markdown) * [Agentic-first Automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/agentix?ts=markdown) * [Identity Threat Detection and Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/itdr?ts=markdown) [Endpoint Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/endpoint-protection?ts=markdown) * [Endpoint Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/endpoint-protection?ts=markdown) * [Agentic Endpoint Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/agentic-endpoint-security?ts=markdown) * [Ransomware Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/ransomware-protection?ts=markdown) * [Digital Forensics](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/digital-forensics?ts=markdown) [Data Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/data-security?ts=markdown) Cloud Security [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/cortex-cloud-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown) [Application Security Overview](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security?ts=markdown) * [Application Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [Software Supply Chain Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/software-supply-chain-security?ts=markdown) * [Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/infrastructure-as-code-security?ts=markdown) * [Software Composition Analysis](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/software-composition-analysis?ts=markdown) * [Secrets Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/secrets-security?ts=markdown) * [Open Partner Ecosystem](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/appsec-partner-ecosystem?ts=markdown) [Cloud Posture Security Overview](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-posture-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-infrastructure-entitlement-management?ts=markdown) * [Data Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/data-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [AI Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/ai-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [Vulnerability Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/vulnerability-management?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Attack Surface Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/attack-surface-management?ts=markdown) [Cloud Runtime Security Overview](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/runtime-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Detection and Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud-detection-and-response?ts=markdown) * [Container \& Kubernetes Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/kubernetes-and-container-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Workload Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-workload-protection?ts=markdown) * [API Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/api-security?ts=markdown) * [Serverless Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/serverless-security?ts=markdown) Observability ^NEW^ [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cortex/xcor/cortex-xcor-logo-nav-2.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor?ts=markdown) Observability \& Remediation * [AI-Driven Observability](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/ai-driven-observability?ts=markdown) * [Distributed Tracing](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/distributed-tracing?ts=markdown) * [Log Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/log-management?ts=markdown) * [Metrics Monitoring](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/metrics-monitoring?ts=markdown) Identity Security [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/idira-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira?ts=markdown) [Human Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human?ts=markdown) * [Modern PAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/privileged-access-management?ts=markdown) * [Identity and Access Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-and-access-management?ts=markdown) * [Endpoint Privilege Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/endpoint-privilege-manager?ts=markdown) * [Identity Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-governance?ts=markdown) * [Workforce Password Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/workforce-password-management?ts=markdown) * [Vendor Privileged Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/vendor-privileged-access?ts=markdown) [Machine Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine?ts=markdown) * [Secrets Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/secrets-management?ts=markdown) * [Unified Secrets Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/unified-secrets-governance?ts=markdown) * [Application Credentials Delivery](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/application-credentials-delivery?ts=markdown) [Agentic Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/agentic?ts=markdown) [See All Products](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/products-a-z?ts=markdown) * [![Overview icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/logo-default-orange.svg) Overview](#products-panel-0) * [![AI Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-prisma-blue.svg) AI Security](#products-panel-1) * [![Network Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-strata.svg) Network Security](#products-panel-2) * [![SASE icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-prisma-blue.svg) SASE](#products-panel-3) * [![Security Operations icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-cortex.svg) Security Operations](#products-panel-4) * [![Cloud Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-cortex.svg) Cloud Security](#products-panel-5) * [Observability ^NEW^](#products-panel-6) * [![Identity Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-idira.svg) Identity Security](#products-panel-7) [See All Products](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/products-a-z?ts=markdown) [![AI Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/prisma-AIRS-logo-nav.svg) AI Security Discover, assess and protect AI apps, agents and employee use of GenAI tools](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs?ts=markdown) [![Network Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/strata-logo-nav.svg) Network Security AI-powered NetSec with next-gen firewalls, inline defense and unified management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security?ts=markdown) [![Security Operations icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/cortex-logo-nav.svg) Security Operations Stop cyberattackers with the industry's premier platform for autonomous security operations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) [![Observability \& Remediation NEW icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cortex/xcor/cortex-xcor-logo-nav-2.svg) Observability \& Remediation ^NEW^ Prevent downtime with the AI-driven platform that delivers autonomous remediation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor?ts=markdown) [![SASE icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/prisma-sase-logo-nav.svg) SASE Protect with AI, secure AI use and operate with AI using agentic Prisma SASE](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) [![Identity Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/idira-logo-nav.svg) Identity Security Identity security platform to secure every identity: human, machine and agentic](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira?ts=markdown) [![Cloud Security icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/cortex-cloud-logo-nav.svg) Cloud Security Prevent risks from code to cloud with the leading agentic cloud security platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown) [![AI Security logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/prisma-AIRS-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs?ts=markdown) [AI Security Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs?ts=markdown) * [AI Gateway](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-gateway?ts=markdown) * [AI Model Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-model-security?ts=markdown) * [AI Red Teaming](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-red-teaming?ts=markdown) * [AI Runtime Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/ai-runtime-security?ts=markdown) * [Agent Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/agent-security?ts=markdown) * [AI Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/cloud/ai-spm?ts=markdown) Secure GenAI Tools * [Prisma Browser](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/prisma-browser?ts=markdown) [![Network Security logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/strata-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security?ts=markdown) [Secure the Network](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall?ts=markdown) * [Hardware Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/hardware-firewall-innovations?ts=markdown) * [Software Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/software-firewalls?ts=markdown) * [Strata Cloud Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/strata-cloud-manager?ts=markdown) * [OT / Industrial Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/ot-security-solution?ts=markdown) * [Device \& IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/device-security?ts=markdown) * [5G Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/5g-security?ts=markdown) * [Managed Firewalls - Azure](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw-for-azure?ts=markdown) * [Managed Firewalls - AWS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw?ts=markdown) [Cloud-Delivered Security Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/security-subscriptions?ts=markdown) * [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown) * [Advanced URL Filtering](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-url-filtering?ts=markdown) * [Advanced WildFire](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-wildfire?ts=markdown) * [Advanced DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-dns-security?ts=markdown) * [Advanced IP Defense](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-ip-defense?ts=markdown) * [Quantum Safe Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/quantum-safe-security?ts=markdown) * [Next-Gen Trust Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-gen-trust-security?ts=markdown) [![SASE logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/prisma-sase-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) [Secure Access (SASE)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Access (ZTNA)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/access?ts=markdown) * [SD-WAN](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/sd-wan?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Browser](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/prisma-browser?ts=markdown) * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown) * [Enterprise DLP](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention?ts=markdown) [![Security Operations logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/cortex-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) [Security Operations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) * [AI-Driven SOC](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsiam?ts=markdown) * [Extended Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr?ts=markdown) * [Security Orchestration \& Automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsoar?ts=markdown) * [Attack Surface Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse?ts=markdown) * [Exposure Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/exposure-management?ts=markdown) * [Email Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/advanced-email-security?ts=markdown) * [Threat Intelligence Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/threat-intel-management?ts=markdown) * [Agentic-first Automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/agentix?ts=markdown) * [Identity Threat Detection and Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/itdr?ts=markdown) [Endpoint Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/endpoint-protection?ts=markdown) * [Endpoint Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/endpoint-protection?ts=markdown) * [Agentic Endpoint Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/agentic-endpoint-security?ts=markdown) * [Ransomware Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/ransomware-protection?ts=markdown) * [Digital Forensics](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/digital-forensics?ts=markdown) [Data Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/data-security?ts=markdown) [![Cloud Security logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/cortex-cloud-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown) [Application Security Overview](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security?ts=markdown) * [Application Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [Software Supply Chain Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/software-supply-chain-security?ts=markdown) * [Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/infrastructure-as-code-security?ts=markdown) * [Software Composition Analysis](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/software-composition-analysis?ts=markdown) * [Secrets Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/secrets-security?ts=markdown) * [Open Partner Ecosystem](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/appsec-partner-ecosystem?ts=markdown) [Cloud Posture Security Overview](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-posture-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-infrastructure-entitlement-management?ts=markdown) * [Data Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/data-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [AI Security Posture Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/ai-security-posture-management?ts=markdown) * [Vulnerability Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/vulnerability-management?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Attack Surface Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/attack-surface-management?ts=markdown) [Cloud Runtime Security Overview](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/runtime-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Detection and Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud-detection-and-response?ts=markdown) * [Container \& Kubernetes Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/kubernetes-and-container-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Workload Protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-workload-protection?ts=markdown) * [API Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/api-security?ts=markdown) * [Serverless Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/serverless-security?ts=markdown) [![Observability NEW logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cortex/xcor/cortex-xcor-logo-nav-2.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor?ts=markdown) Observability \& Remediation * [AI-Driven Observability](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/ai-driven-observability?ts=markdown) * [Distributed Tracing](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/distributed-tracing?ts=markdown) * [Log Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/log-management?ts=markdown) * [Metrics Monitoring](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor/metrics-monitoring?ts=markdown) [![Identity Security logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/idira-logo-nav.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira?ts=markdown) [Human Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human?ts=markdown) * [Modern PAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/privileged-access-management?ts=markdown) * [Identity and Access Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-and-access-management?ts=markdown) * [Endpoint Privilege Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/endpoint-privilege-manager?ts=markdown) * [Identity Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-governance?ts=markdown) * [Workforce Password Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/workforce-password-management?ts=markdown) * [Vendor Privileged Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/vendor-privileged-access?ts=markdown) [Machine Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine?ts=markdown) * [Secrets Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/secrets-management?ts=markdown) * [Unified Secrets Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/unified-secrets-governance?ts=markdown) * [Application Credentials Delivery](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/application-credentials-delivery?ts=markdown) [Agentic Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/agentic?ts=markdown) * Solutions Solutions By Use Case [![Drive AI Transformation icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/ai-page/teaser-block/teaser-icon-2.svg) Drive AI Transformation Scale enterprise AI adoption across employees, applications and agents with confidence and control](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security?ts=markdown) [![Accelerate Cloud Transformation icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-cortex.svg) Accelerate Cloud Transformation Build fast and innovate fearlessly with AI-driven protection from code to cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown) [![Secure AI Coding icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/logo-default-orange.svg) Secure AI Coding Let AI coding do more, with you in control. Protect data, govern agents and control AI costs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/secure-ai-coding?ts=markdown) [![Secure Every Identity icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-idira.svg) Secure Every Identity Stop identity-led breaches: Secure human, machine, and agentic identities with zero trust](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira?ts=markdown) [![Enable Autonomous SOC icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-cortex.svg) Enable Autonomous SOC Fight AI with AI to stop threats at machine speed with the power of analytics and automation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/fight-ai-with-ai?ts=markdown) [![Secure Critical Infrastructure icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/logo-default-orange.svg) Secure Critical Infrastructure Stop machine-speed threats across OT, 5G and IoT with AI-driven cyber defense](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/securing-critical-infrastructure?ts=markdown) [![Secure the Hybrid Network icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-strata.svg) Secure the Hybrid Network Stay ahead of AI-driven attacks with unified network security across hybrid environments](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security?ts=markdown) [![Automate Root-Cause Analysis icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-cortex.svg) Automate Root-Cause Analysis Respond autonomously to incidents and accelerate remediation with agentic AI](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor?ts=markdown) [![Achieve Cyber Resilience icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/icon-Unit42.svg) Achieve Cyber Resilience Partner with world-class experts to proactively reduce risk, recover rapidly, and outsmart emerging threats](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/ai-advantage?ts=markdown) * Services Services Security Services [![](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/unit-logo-dark.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42?ts=markdown) Prepare for Emerging Risks * [AI Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/ai-security-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Frontier AI](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/prepare-for-emerging-risks/continuous-frontier-ai-defense?ts=markdown) * [Respond to Cyber Attacks](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond?ts=markdown) * [Incident Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/incident-response?ts=markdown) * [Digital Forensics](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/digital-forensics?ts=markdown) * [Managed Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/managed-detection-response?ts=markdown) * [Managed Threat Hunting](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-threat-hunting?ts=markdown) * [Managed XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown) [Strengthen Your Defenses](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses?ts=markdown) * [Attack Surface Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/attack-surface-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Breach Readiness](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/breach-readiness-review?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/cloud-security-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Compromise Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/compromise-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Ransomware Readiness](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/ransomware-readiness-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Supply Chain](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/supply-chain-risk-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Tabletop Exercises](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/tabletop-exercises?ts=markdown) * [Unit 42 Retainer](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown) [Build Your Security Strategy](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy?ts=markdown) * [Cyber Risk](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/cyber-risk-assessment?ts=markdown) * [IR Plan Development](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/IR-plan-and-development-review?ts=markdown) * [Security Program Design](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/security-program-design?ts=markdown) * [SOC Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/soc-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Virtual CISO](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/virtual-ciso?ts=markdown) * [Zero Trust](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/zero-trust-advisory?ts=markdown) Understand the Adversary * [Threat Intelligence](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/threat-intelligence?ts=markdown) * [Offensive Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/offensive-security-services?ts=markdown) Managed Firewalls Managed Firewalls * [Managed Firewalls - AWS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw?ts=markdown) * [Managed Firewalls - Azure](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw-for-azure?ts=markdown) Customer Services [Global Customer Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services?ts=markdown) * [Education \& Training](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/education?ts=markdown) * [Professional Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/consulting?ts=markdown) * [Success Tools](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/customer-success-tools?ts=markdown) * [Support Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/solution-assurance?ts=markdown) * [Customer Success](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/customer-success?ts=markdown) [Under Attack?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/contact-unit42?ts=markdown) * [Services Overview](#services-panel-0) * [Security Services](#services-panel-1) * [Managed Firewalls](#services-panel-2) * [Customer Services](#services-panel-3) [Under Attack?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/contact-unit42?ts=markdown) [![Security Services logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/unit-logo-dark.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42?ts=markdown) Prepare for Emerging Risks * [AI Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/ai-security-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Frontier AI](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/prepare-for-emerging-risks/continuous-frontier-ai-defense?ts=markdown) * [Respond to Cyber Attacks](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond?ts=markdown) * [Incident Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/incident-response?ts=markdown) * [Digital Forensics](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/digital-forensics?ts=markdown) * [Managed Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/managed-detection-response?ts=markdown) * [Managed Threat Hunting](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-threat-hunting?ts=markdown) * [Managed XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown) [Strengthen Your Defenses](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses?ts=markdown) * [Attack Surface Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/attack-surface-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Breach Readiness](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/breach-readiness-review?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/cloud-security-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Compromise Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/compromise-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Ransomware Readiness](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/ransomware-readiness-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Supply Chain](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/supply-chain-risk-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Tabletop Exercises](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/tabletop-exercises?ts=markdown) * [Unit 42 Retainer](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/retainer?ts=markdown) [Build Your Security Strategy](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy?ts=markdown) * [Cyber Risk](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/cyber-risk-assessment?ts=markdown) * [IR Plan Development](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/IR-plan-and-development-review?ts=markdown) * [Security Program Design](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/security-program-design?ts=markdown) * [SOC Assessment](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/soc-assessment?ts=markdown) * [Virtual CISO](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/virtual-ciso?ts=markdown) * [Zero Trust](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy/zero-trust-advisory?ts=markdown) Understand the Adversary * [Threat Intelligence](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/threat-intelligence?ts=markdown) * [Offensive Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses/offensive-security-services?ts=markdown) Managed Firewalls * [Managed Firewalls - AWS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw?ts=markdown) * [Managed Firewalls - Azure](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/cloud-ngfw-for-azure?ts=markdown) [Global Customer Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services?ts=markdown) * [Education \& Training](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/education?ts=markdown) * [Professional Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/consulting?ts=markdown) * [Success Tools](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/customer-success-tools?ts=markdown) * [Support Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/solution-assurance?ts=markdown) * [Customer Success](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/services/customer-success?ts=markdown) * Industries Industries [![Financial Services icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/financial-icon-2.svg) Financial Services Secure with AI cybersecurity, fraud and ransomware prevention, compliance, and customer data protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/financial-services?ts=markdown) [![Manufacturing icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/manufacturing-icon-2.svg) Manufacturing Secure with OT security, ransomware defense, industrial cybersecurity, supply chain resilience, and continuity](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/manufacturing?ts=markdown) [![Retail and Hospitality icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/retail-icon-2.svg) Retail and Hospitality Secure with payment security, PCI compliance, ransomware and fraud prevention, and data protection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/retail?ts=markdown) [![Healthcare and Life Sciences icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/healthcare-icon-2.svg) Healthcare and Life Sciences Secure patient and clinical data, medical device security, ransomware defense, and HIPAA compliance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/healthcare?ts=markdown) [![Public Sector icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/public-sector-icon-2.svg) Public Sector Secure with Zero Trust, cyber defense, compliance, infrastructure protection, and citizen data security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/public-sector?ts=markdown) [![Utilities icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/utilities-icon-2.svg) Utilities Secure with power grid protection, OT network security, ransomware defense, and critical infrastructure security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/electric-utilities?ts=markdown) [![Transportation icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/transportation-icon-2.svg) Transportation Secure OT and connected infrastructure protection, ransomware defense, supply chain security, compliance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/transportation-security?ts=markdown) [![Small and Medium Business icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/smb-icon-2.svg) Small and Medium Business Secure against cyber threats using AI-powered endpoint, network, browser, cloud, and MDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/industry/small-medium-business-portfolio?ts=markdown) * Partners Partners NextWave * [Partner Program](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-partner-portal?ts=markdown) * [Become a Partner](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerregistration?type=becomepartner) * [Request Partner Portal Access](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerregistration?type=requestaccess) * [Partner Portal Login](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-partner-portal?ts=markdown) * [Find a Partner](https://paloaltonetworks.my.site.com/NextWavePartnerProgram/s/partnerlocator) Partner Ecosystem [Explore All Partners Find the right partner network tailored to your business needs, cloud environments, and security requirements](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners?ts=markdown) [Cloud Service Partners Bring cloud native security and compliance to the entire development lifecycle](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-for-csp?ts=markdown) [Frontier AI Alliance Outpace today's cyberattacks through a global ecosystem of leaders orchestrating unified defenses](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/frontier?ts=markdown) [Global System Integrators Speed and secure digital transformation with the industry's best technology, people and intelligence](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/nextwave-for-gsi?ts=markdown) [Managed Security Service Providers Gain valuable resource oversight to help your businesses administer security strategies](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/managed-security-service-providers?ts=markdown) [Resellers Deliver the most comprehensive cybersecurity portfolio while expanding opportunities and profitability](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/resellers?ts=markdown) [Service Providers Protect mobile users, devices and applications with effective, flexible and easy to deploy cybersecurity](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/service-providers?ts=markdown) [Technology Partners Advance security and transformation with innovative technology partner integrations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/partners/technology-partners?ts=markdown) * Resources Resources ![Learn icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/resource-library-icon.svg) Learn * [Resource Library](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources?ts=markdown) * [Analyst Reports](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/research?ts=markdown) * [Customer Stories](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/customers?ts=markdown) * [Blog](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/?ts=markdown) * [Cyberpedia](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia?ts=markdown) * [Threat Vector Podcast](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/podcasts/threat-vector?ts=markdown) * [Unit 42 Threat Research](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Knowledgebase](https://knowledgebase.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Technical Documentation](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/) ![Engage icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/engage-icon-2.svg) Engage * [Webinars](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/webinars?ts=markdown) * [Demos](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/demos?ts=markdown) * [Test Drive](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/test-drives?ts=markdown) * [On-Demand](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ondemand?ts=markdown) ![Connect icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/connect-icon-2.svg) Connect * [Executive Briefings](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/executive-briefing-program?ts=markdown) * [Events](https://events.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Live Community](https://live.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Contact Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/contact-sales?ts=markdown) ![Discover icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/logos/nav/discover-icon-2.svg) Discover * [Why Palo Alto Networks?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/why-paloaltonetworks?ts=markdown) * [Platform Approach](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/why-paloaltonetworks/platformization?ts=markdown) * [Awards \& Recognition](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/awards?ts=markdown) * [Global Certifications](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/trust-center/certifications?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Locations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/regional-cloud-locations?ts=markdown) * [Corporate Responsibility](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/corporate-responsibility?ts=markdown) * [Trust 360 Program](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/whitepapers/trust-360?ts=markdown) ![Company icon](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/logo-default-orange.svg) Company * [About Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us?ts=markdown) * [Management Team](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/management?ts=markdown) * [Investor Relations](https://investors.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Newsroom](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/newsroom?ts=markdown) * [Careers](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/en) * [Culture \& Benefits](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/en/culture/) * [Ethics \& Compliance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/ethics-and-compliance?ts=markdown) * [Office Locations](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/locations?ts=markdown) * ![search magnifying glass](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/search-black.svg) * us Language * USA (ENGLISH) * [AUSTRALIA (ENGLISH)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com.au/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [BRAZIL (PORTUGUÉS)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com.br/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [CANADA (ENGLISH)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.ca/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [CHINA (简体中文)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.cn/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [FRANCE (FRANÇAIS)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.fr/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [GERMANY (DEUTSCH)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.de/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [INDIA (ENGLISH)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.in/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [ITALY (ITALIANO)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.it/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [JAPAN (日本語)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.jp/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [KOREA (한국어)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.co.kr/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [LATIN AMERICA (ESPAÑOL)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.lat/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [MEXICO (ESPAÑOL)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com.mx/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [SINGAPORE (ENGLISH)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.sg/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [SPAIN (ESPAÑOL)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.es/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [TAIWAN (繁體中文)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.tw/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * [UK (ENGLISH)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.co.uk/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) * Accounts \& Support Accounts \& Support * Accounts * Customer * Partner * Employee * [Login to Download](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/login?ts=markdown) * [Become a Member](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/login?screenToRender=traditionalRegistration&ts=markdown) * Support * [Contact Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/contact-sales?ts=markdown) * [What's New](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources?ts=markdown) * [Get Support](https://support.paloaltonetworks.com/SupportAccount/MyAccount) [Under Attack?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/contact-unit42?ts=markdown) * [Demos and Trials](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/get-started?ts=markdown) [Introducing Cortex XCOR: Observability, reimagined. Discover now.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor?ts=markdown) [](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/?ts=markdown) Search All * [Tech Docs](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/search) Close search modal 1. [Cyberpedia](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia?ts=markdown) 2. [Network Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/network-security?ts=markdown) 3. [What Is a Circuit Level Gateway? \[+ How It Works \& Examples\]](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway?ts=markdown) Table of contents * [How does a circuit level gateway work?](#how-does-a-circuit-level-gateway-work) * [How did circuit level gateways shape the evolution of firewalls?](#how-did-circuit-level-gateways-shape-the-evolution-of-firewalls) * [What are the strengths and limitations of circuit level gateways?](#what-are-the-strengths-and-limitations-of-circuit-level-gateways) * [Where circuit level gateways persist today](#where-circuit-level-gateways-persist-today) * [Circuit level gateway FAQs](#circuit-level-gateway-faqs) # What Is a Circuit Level Gateway? \[+ How It Works \& Examples\] 4 min. read Table of contents * [How does a circuit level gateway work?](#how-does-a-circuit-level-gateway-work) * [How did circuit level gateways shape the evolution of firewalls?](#how-did-circuit-level-gateways-shape-the-evolution-of-firewalls) * [What are the strengths and limitations of circuit level gateways?](#what-are-the-strengths-and-limitations-of-circuit-level-gateways) * [Where circuit level gateways persist today](#where-circuit-level-gateways-persist-today) * [Circuit level gateway FAQs](#circuit-level-gateway-faqs) 1. How does a circuit level gateway work? * [1. How does a circuit level gateway work?](#how-does-a-circuit-level-gateway-work) * [2. How did circuit level gateways shape the evolution of firewalls?](#how-did-circuit-level-gateways-shape-the-evolution-of-firewalls) * [3. What are the strengths and limitations of circuit level gateways?](#what-are-the-strengths-and-limitations-of-circuit-level-gateways) * [4. Where circuit level gateways persist today](#where-circuit-level-gateways-persist-today) * [5. Circuit level gateway FAQs](#circuit-level-gateway-faqs) ![What Is a Circuit Level Gateway?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway-video-thumbnail.png) close A circuit level gateway is a firewall that monitors and validates network sessions at the session layer of the OSI model. It establishes two separate TCP or UDP connections---one with the internal host and one with the external host---and relays packets only for approved sessions. It does not inspect packet contents but ensures that each connection follows the required handshake and security rules before data transfer occurs. ## How does a circuit level gateway work? A circuit level gateway works at Layer 5, the session layer of the OSI model. Its job is to make sure that a network session is legitimate before data starts flowing. In other words, it validates the connection itself, not the information being exchanged. A circuit level gateway can manage both TCP and UDP sessions, verifying that each connection follows the correct handshake or session initiation process. Here's how it happens. ![Architecture diagram titled 'Circuit-level gateway' showing an outside host on the left and an inside host on the right. Each host is represented by a blue computer icon with dashed arrows pointing toward a central rectangular gateway labeled 'Circuit-level gateway'. Inside the gateway are three pairs of circular nodes labeled 'OUT' on the left and 'IN' on the right, connected by dashed lines representing session flow. Between the nodes is a smaller box labeled 'Virtual circuit'. A note to the right reads '\*Operates at the session layer (layer 5)'. Text below the gateway reads 'Two separate TCP/UDP connections (internal and external)'.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway/circuit-level-gateway.png "Architecture diagram titled 'Circuit-level gateway' showing an outside host on the left and an inside host on the right. Each host is represented by a blue computer icon with dashed arrows pointing toward a central rectangular gateway labeled 'Circuit-level gateway'. Inside the gateway are three pairs of circular nodes labeled 'OUT' on the left and 'IN' on the right, connected by dashed lines representing session flow. Between the nodes is a smaller box labeled 'Virtual circuit'. A note to the right reads '*Operates at the session layer (layer 5)'. Text below the gateway reads 'Two separate TCP/UDP connections (internal and external)'.") When a user on an internal network tries to connect to an external host, the gateway steps in. It doesn't allow a direct link. Instead, it creates two separate TCP connections: one between the internal system and the gateway, and another between the gateway and the external host. Why? Because this setup gives the gateway control over both sides of the conversation. It acts as a middle point that mirrors the TCP handshake on each side. Once both handshakes succeed, the gateway considers the session trusted. At that point, it creates what's called a virtual circuit. This is a temporary, logical connection used to move data between the two hosts through the gateway. The gateway keeps a table of active sessions with details like source and destination IP addresses, port numbers, and session state. Which means: It knows which sessions are open, which have ended, and which are legitimate. Once a session is approved, traffic moves through transparently. The gateway doesn't look inside the packets or analyze content. It simply forwards data as long as the session remains valid. And that's the limitation. Circuit-level gateways enforce handshake legitimacy but can't detect malicious payloads or application-level attacks hidden within the session. | ***Further reading:** [What Does a Firewall Do? | How Firewalls Work](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-does-a-firewall-do)* ## How did circuit level gateways shape the evolution of firewalls? Circuit level gateways marked the first real step "up the stack" in [firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-firewall) design. Before them, firewalls worked only at the network and transport layers, [filtering packets](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-packet-filtering-firewall) based on IP addresses and ports. Circuit-level gateways changed that. This [type of firewall](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/types-of-firewalls) added awareness of the session layer, which meant they could understand when a connection---TCP or UDP---was being established, maintained, or closed. ![Architecture diagram titled 'Evolution of firewall intelligence' showing three numbered stages arranged diagonally from lower left to upper right. The first stage, labeled '1. Packet-filtering firewall (layer 3/4)', is shown with an orange firewall icon and text noting 'IP addresses, ports' and 'Filters traffic using static rules'. A dotted line leads upward to the second stage labeled '2. Circuit-level gateway (layer 5)', displayed with a blue computer icon and text reading 'TCP/UDP sessions' and 'Validates sessions through handshake tracking'. Another dotted line leads upward to the third stage labeled '3. Stateful / next-generation firewall (layer 7)', depicted with a blue security shield icon and text noting 'Deep packet inspection, applications' and 'Combines session validation with content and application awareness'.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway/Evolution-of-firewall-intelligence.png "Architecture diagram titled 'Evolution of firewall intelligence' showing three numbered stages arranged diagonally from lower left to upper right. The first stage, labeled '1. Packet-filtering firewall (layer 3/4)', is shown with an orange firewall icon and text noting 'IP addresses, ports' and 'Filters traffic using static rules'. A dotted line leads upward to the second stage labeled '2. Circuit-level gateway (layer 5)', displayed with a blue computer icon and text reading 'TCP/UDP sessions' and 'Validates sessions through handshake tracking'. Another dotted line leads upward to the third stage labeled '3. Stateful / next-generation firewall (layer 7)', depicted with a blue security shield icon and text noting 'Deep packet inspection, applications' and 'Combines session validation with content and application awareness'.") Here's why that mattered. By tracking handshakes and session state, these gateways introduced the idea that network traffic could be validated at a higher level than packet headers alone. So it was the first time firewalls could make decisions based on connection behavior rather than just static rules. That concept directly influenced stateful inspection. Stateful firewalls built on the same logic---recording session details---but expanded it to include packet context and limited application awareness. Next-generation firewalls took that even further by adding deep packet inspection and integrating multiple [network security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-network-security) functions into one platform. Essentially: Circuit-level gateways were the bridge between simple packet filters and the intelligent, multi-layer firewalls used today. They proved that tracking session state was possible---and essential---for securing modern networks. | ***Further reading:*** * [*The History of Firewalls | Who Invented the Firewall?*](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/history-of-firewalls) * [*What Is a Stateful Firewall? | Stateful Inspection Firewalls Explained*](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-stateful-firewall) * [*What Is a Next-Generation Firewall (NGFW)? A Complete Guide*](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-next-generation-firewall-ngfw) ## What are the strengths and limitations of circuit level gateways? Circuit-level gateways offered a balance between performance and basic security. They worked efficiently at the session layer, handling fewer data details than deeper inspection firewalls. Because of that, they introduced almost no noticeable latency. Another advantage was anonymity. Internal host addresses were never exposed to external systems because the gateway relayed sessions on their behalf. This made internal networks harder to profile. They were also simple to configure and maintain, since they relied on predefined rules for session validation rather than complex traffic policies. However: that simplicity came at a cost. | Strengths and limitations of circuit-level gateways | |-----------------------------------------------------| | Strengths | Limitations | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------| | High performance with minimal latency due to limited data inspection. | Cannot inspect payloads or detect application-level threats. | | Hides internal network details by relaying sessions on behalf of hosts. | Blind to malicious content or commands within legitimate sessions. | | Simple to configure and maintain using predefined session rules. | Offers limited policy control and coarse-grained traffic filtering. | | Efficient for validating TCP and UDP session integrity. | Lacks visibility into applications and user-level activity. | Circuit-level gateways could not inspect the data payload inside packets. They were blind to application-level threats, malicious commands, or [data exfiltration](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/data-exfiltration) hidden in legitimate sessions. Plus, their policies were coarse-grained and offered minimal control over specific applications or behaviors. In short: the trade-offs that made them efficient also made them limited. And that helped pave the way for more advanced, content-aware firewall architectures. | ***Further reading:** [What Makes a Strong Firewall?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-makes-a-strong-firewall)* ## Where circuit level gateways persist today Circuit-level gateways are no longer used as standalone devices, but their underlying logic remains active in modern systems. The same session-based validation model still shapes how many security tools manage traffic today. So the idea survived even as the original technology faded. For example, the SOCKS proxy protocol operates almost identically to a circuit level gateway. It sets up two TCP connections and relays packets only for approved sessions. The same principle also appears in tunneling protocols that use virtual circuits to securely pass data between networks or services. Modern firewalls and cloud security platforms still rely on this model. In next-generation firewalls, session validation tracks active connections before deeper inspection begins. In cloud and container environments, sidecar proxies in microservice architectures use similar session-based logic to control service-to-service communication. Even threat actors use it. Attackers often deploy SOCKS tunnels to hide [command-and-control](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/command-and-control-explained) traffic within trusted connections. Ultimately, circuit level logic persists everywhere. It's simply evolved from a product into a core function of secure network design. | ***Further reading:** [What Are the Top Firewall Features? | Traditional \& NGFWs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/top-firewall-features)* ![Icon of an ebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/crqcs-cryptographically-relevant-quantum-computers/icon-ebook.svg) Stay ahead of attacks Read the *Unit 42 2025 Incident Response Report* to understand today's top threats and prepare your defenses before they strike. --- [Download report](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/research/unit-42-incident-response-report) ## Circuit level gateway FAQs ### What is a circuit level gateway? A circuit level gateway is a firewall that operates at the session layer (Layer 5) to verify the legitimacy of TCP or UDP sessions. It establishes two separate connections---internal and external---and forwards traffic only for approved sessions without inspecting packet contents. ### What is the difference between an application-level gateway and a circuit level gateway? An application-level gateway inspects data at the application layer (Layer 7), understanding specific protocols like HTTP or FTP. A circuit level gateway works at the session layer (Layer 5), validating connection handshakes and session state without analyzing the application data itself. ### Is SOCKS a circuit level gateway? Yes. The SOCKS protocol (RFC 1928) is a modern implementation of circuit level gateway behavior. It creates two TCP connections, validates sessions, and relays packets through a proxy server without examining application data. ### What do circuit level gateways establish connections based on? They establish connections based on session validity. The gateway checks TCP or UDP handshakes, verifies session rules, and allows traffic only after a legitimate connection is established between trusted and untrusted networks. ### What are the two types of gateways? In network security, gateways are typically categorized as circuit level gateways and application-level gateways. Each operates at a different OSI layer and enforces distinct levels of traffic validation and inspection. ### What are the disadvantages of a circuit level gateway firewall? Circuit-level gateways cannot inspect packet payloads or detect application-level threats. They offer limited policy control, minimal logging detail, and reduced protection against malicious content embedded in legitimate sessions. ### What is the main purpose of a gateway? A gateway connects networks that use different protocols or trust levels. In security contexts, its purpose is to control and monitor traffic between them according to defined security policies. Related content [White paper: Your Hybrid Infrastructure is Under Attack Discover best practices for securing distributed, interconnected hybrid cloud environments.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/whitepapers/your-hybrid-infrastructure-is-under-attack?ts=markdown) [Podcast: Threat Vector | Why Security Platformization Is the Future of Cyber Resilience Hear about the evolving role of enterprise firewalls as security platformization becomes the norm.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/podcasts/threat-vector-why-security-platformization-is-the-future-of-cyber-resilience) [Podcast: Packet Pushers | Modernizing Your Secure Web Gateway For A Distributed Workforce Hear about challenges and innovations in Prisma Access Cloud SWGs, including agent-based proxy capabilities.](https://packetpushers.net/podcasts/tech-bytes/TB-modernizing-your-secure-web-gateway-for-a-distributed-workforce-sponsored/) [Checklist: 42 Tips to Build a Resilient Cybersecurity Program Find out everything you need to know to stop adversaries from targeting cloud environments.](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/incident-response-42-tips-checklist-unit42) ![Share page on facebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/facebook-circular-icon.svg) ![Share page on linkedin](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/linkedin-circular-icon.svg) [![Share page by an email](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/email-circular-icon.svg)](mailto:?subject=What%20Is%20a%20Circuit%20Level%20Gateway%3F%20%5B%2B%20How%20It%20Works%20%26%20Examples%5D&body=A%20circuit%20level%20gateway%20is%20a%20firewall%20that%20monitors%20and%20validates%20network%20sessions%20at%20the%20session%20layer%20of%20the%20OSI%20model.%20at%20https%3A//www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-circuit-level-gateway) Back to Top {#footer} Products and Services * [AI-Powered Network Security Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security?ts=markdown) * [Secure AI by Design](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security?ts=markdown) * [Prisma AIRS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/ai-security/prisma-airs?ts=markdown) * [AI Access Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/ai-access-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Delivered Security Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/security-subscriptions?ts=markdown) * [Advanced Threat Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown) * [Advanced URL Filtering](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-url-filtering?ts=markdown) * [Advanced WildFire](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-wildfire?ts=markdown) * [Advanced DNS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-dns-security?ts=markdown) * [Enterprise Data Loss Prevention](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention?ts=markdown) * [Enterprise IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/enterprise-device-security?ts=markdown) * [Medical IoT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/medical-device-security?ts=markdown) * [Industrial OT Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/ot-security-solution?ts=markdown) * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown) * [Next-Generation Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall?ts=markdown) * [Hardware Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/hardware-firewall-innovations?ts=markdown) * [Software Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/software-firewalls?ts=markdown) * [Strata Cloud Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/strata-cloud-manager?ts=markdown) * [SD-WAN for NGFW](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/sd-wan-subscription?ts=markdown) * [PAN-OS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/pan-os?ts=markdown) * [Panorama](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/panorama?ts=markdown) * [Secure Access Service Edge](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) * [Prisma SASE](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase?ts=markdown) * [Application Acceleration](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/app-acceleration?ts=markdown) * [Autonomous Digital Experience Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/adem?ts=markdown) * [Enterprise DLP](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/enterprise-data-loss-prevention?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/access?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Browser](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/prisma-browser?ts=markdown) * [Prisma SD-WAN](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/sd-wan?ts=markdown) * [Remote Browser Isolation](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/remote-browser-isolation?ts=markdown) * [SaaS Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sase/saas-security?ts=markdown) * [AI-Driven Security Operations Platform](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown) * [Cortex Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud?ts=markdown) * [Application Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/application-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Posture Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/cloud-posture-security?ts=markdown) * [Cloud Runtime Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cloud/runtime-security?ts=markdown) * [Prisma Cloud](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/cloud?ts=markdown) * [AI-Driven SOC](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex?ts=markdown) * [Cortex XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsiam?ts=markdown) * [Cortex XDR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xdr?ts=markdown) * [Cortex XSOAR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xsoar?ts=markdown) * [Cortex Xpanse](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/cortex-xpanse?ts=markdown) * [Unit 42 Managed Detection \& Response](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond/managed-detection-response?ts=markdown) * [Managed XSIAM](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/managed-xsiam?ts=markdown) * Observability * [Cortex XCOR](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cortex/xcor?ts=markdown) * [Next-Generation Identity Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira?ts=markdown) * [Privileged Access Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/privileged-access-management?ts=markdown) * [Identity and Access Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-and-access-management?ts=markdown) * [Endpoint Privilege Manager](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/endpoint-privilege-manager?ts=markdown) * [Identity Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/identity-governance?ts=markdown) * [Workforce Password Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/workforce-password-management?ts=markdown) * [Agentic Identities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/agentic?ts=markdown) * [Secrets Management](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/secrets-management?ts=markdown) * [Unified Secrets Governance](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/unified-secrets-governance?ts=markdown) * [Application Credentials Delivery](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/machine/application-credentials-delivery?ts=markdown) * [Vendor Privileged Access](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/idira/human/vendor-privileged-access?ts=markdown) * [Threat Intel and Incident Response Services](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42?ts=markdown) * [Prepare for Emerging Risks](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/prepare-for-emerging-risks/continuous-frontier-ai-defense?ts=markdown) * [Strengthen Your Defenses](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/strengthen-your-defenses?ts=markdown) * [Build Your Security Strategy](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/build-your-security-strategy?ts=markdown) * [Understand the Adversary](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/threat-intelligence?ts=markdown) * [Respond to a Cyber Attack](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42/respond?ts=markdown) Company * [About Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us?ts=markdown) * [Careers](https://jobs.paloaltonetworks.com/en/) * [Contact Us](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/contact-sales?ts=markdown) * [Corporate Responsibility](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/corporate-responsibility?ts=markdown) * [Customers](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/customers?ts=markdown) * [Investor Relations](https://investors.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Location](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/about-us/locations?ts=markdown) * [Newsroom](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/company/newsroom?ts=markdown) Popular Links * [Blog](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/blog/?ts=markdown) * [Communities](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/communities?ts=markdown) * [Content Library](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources?ts=markdown) * [Cyberpedia](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia?ts=markdown) * [Event Center](https://events.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Manage Email Preferences](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/preference-center) * [Products A-Z](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/products/products-a-z?ts=markdown) * [Product Certifications](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/trust-center/certifications?ts=markdown) * [Report a Vulnerability](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/security-disclosure?ts=markdown) * [Sitemap](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/sitemap?ts=markdown) * [Tech Docs](https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Unit 42](https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/) * [Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information](https://panwedd.exterro.net/portal/dsar.htm?target=panwedd) ![Palo Alto Networks Logo](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/pan-logo-dark.svg) * [Privacy](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/privacy?ts=markdown) * [Trust Center](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/trust-center?ts=markdown) * [Terms of Use](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal-notices/terms-of-use?ts=markdown) * [Documents](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/legal?ts=markdown) Copyright © 2026 Palo Alto Networks. All Rights Reserved * [![Youtube](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/youtube-black.svg)](https://www.youtube.com/user/paloaltonetworks) * [![Podcast](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/icons/podcast.svg)](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/podcasts/threat-vector?ts=markdown) * [![Facebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/facebook-black.svg)](https://www.facebook.com/PaloAltoNetworks/) * [![LinkedIn](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/linkedin-black.svg)](https://www.linkedin.com/company/palo-alto-networks) * [![Twitter](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/social/twitter-x-black.svg)](https://twitter.com/PaloAltoNtwks) * EN Select your language