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[Cyberpedia](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia?ts=markdown) 2. [Network Security](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/network-security?ts=markdown) 3. [Threat Detection \& Network Defense](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-are-malicious-newly-registered-domains?ts=markdown) 4. [What is an Intrusion Prevention System?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips?ts=markdown) Table of Contents * [What Are Malicious Newly Registered Domains?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-are-malicious-newly-registered-domains?ts=markdown) * [How Common Are Malicious NRDs?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-are-malicious-newly-registered-domains#how?ts=markdown) * [Uses of Malicious NRDs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-are-malicious-newly-registered-domains#uses?ts=markdown) * [The Importance of Quick Detection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-are-malicious-newly-registered-domains#the?ts=markdown) * [What Is a Fast Flux Network?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-a-fast-flux-network?ts=markdown) * [What Is Threat Hunting?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting?ts=markdown) * [Threat Hunting Explained](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#threat?ts=markdown) * [Threat Hunting Methodologies](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#methodologies?ts=markdown) * [Threat Hunting in Practice: A Structured Lifecycle](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#lifecycle?ts=markdown) * [The Feedback Loop in Threat Hunting](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#feedback?ts=markdown) * [Essential Threat Hunting Tools](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#tools?ts=markdown) * [Tips and Best Practices](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#tips?ts=markdown) * [Threat Hunting FAQs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting#faqs?ts=markdown) * What is an Intrusion Prevention System? * [How Intrusion Prevention Systems Work](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#how?ts=markdown) * [Types of Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#types?ts=markdown) * [The Benefits of Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#the?ts=markdown) * [Critical Features of an IPS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#critical?ts=markdown) * [Deep Learning for Evasive Threat Detection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#deep?ts=markdown) * [Intrusion Prevention System FAQs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#faqs?ts=markdown) * [What is an Intrusion Detection System?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids?ts=markdown) * [Intrusion Detection Systems vs. Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#intrusion?ts=markdown) * [How IDS Works](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#how?ts=markdown) * [Types of IDS Detection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#types?ts=markdown) * [IDS vs. Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#vs?ts=markdown) * [IDS Evasion Techniques](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#ids?ts=markdown) * [Why Intrusion Detection Systems are Important](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#why?ts=markdown) * [Intrusion Detection Systems FAQs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-detection-system-ids#faqs?ts=markdown) * [What is URL Filtering?](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-url-filtering?ts=markdown) # What is an Intrusion Prevention System? 5 min. read Table of Contents * * [How Intrusion Prevention Systems Work](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#how?ts=markdown) * [Types of Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#types?ts=markdown) * [The Benefits of Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#the?ts=markdown) * [Critical Features of an IPS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#critical?ts=markdown) * [Deep Learning for Evasive Threat Detection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#deep?ts=markdown) * [Intrusion Prevention System FAQs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#faqs?ts=markdown) 1. How Intrusion Prevention Systems Work * * [How Intrusion Prevention Systems Work](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#how?ts=markdown) * [Types of Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#types?ts=markdown) * [The Benefits of Intrusion Prevention Systems](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#the?ts=markdown) * [Critical Features of an IPS](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#critical?ts=markdown) * [Deep Learning for Evasive Threat Detection](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#deep?ts=markdown) * [Intrusion Prevention System FAQs](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips#faqs?ts=markdown) Largely automated, [IPS solutions](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown) help filter out malicious activity before it reaches other security devices or controls. This reduces the manual effort of security teams and allows other security products to perform more efficiently. IPS solutions are also very effective at detecting and preventing vulnerability exploits. When a vulnerability is discovered, there is typically a window of opportunity for exploitation before a security patch can be applied. An intrusion prevention system is used here to quickly block these types of attacks. IPS appliances were originally built and released as stand-alone devices in the mid-2000s. This functionality has been integrated into unified threat management (UTM) solutions as well as [Next-Generation Firewalls](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/next-generation-firewall?ts=markdown). Next-generation IPS solutions are now connected to cloud-based computing and network services. ## How Intrusion Prevention Systems Work The IPS is placed inline, directly in the flow of network traffic between the source and destination. This is what differentiates IPS from its predecessor, the intrusion detection system (IDS). Conversely, IDS is a passive system that scans traffic and reports back on threats. Usually sitting right behind the firewall, the solution analyzes all traffic flows that enter the network and takes automated actions when necessary. These actions can include: * Sending an alarm to the administrator (as would be seen in an IDS) * Dropping the malicious packets * Blocking traffic from the source address * Resetting the connection * Configuring firewalls to prevent future attacks ![Diagram an intrusion prevention system](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/content/dam/pan/en_US/images/cyberpedia/what-is-an-ips.png) As an inline security component, the IPS must be able to: * Work efficiently to avoid degrading network performance * Work fast, because exploits can happen in near-real time * Detect and respond accurately to eliminate threats and false positives (i.e., legitimate packets misread as threats). To do this successfully, there are several techniques used for finding exploits and protecting the network from unauthorized access. These include: * **Signature-based detection** is a detection method based on a dictionary of uniquely identifiable patterns (or signatures) in the code of each exploit. As an exploit is discovered, its signature is recorded and stored in a continuously growing dictionary of signatures. Signature detection for IPS breaks down into two types: * **Exploit-facing signatures** identify individual exploits by triggering on the unique patterns of a particular exploit attempt. The IPS can identify specific exploits by finding a match with an exploit-facing signature in the traffic stream. * **Vulnerability-facing signatures** are broader signatures that target the underlying vulnerability in the system that is being targeted. These signatures allow networks to be protected from unidentified. They also raise the risk of false positives. * **Anomaly-based detection** takes samples of network traffic at random and compares them to a pre-calculated baseline performance level. When the traffic activity is outside the parameters of baseline performance, the IPS takes action. * **Policy-based detection** requires system administrators to configure security policies based on an organization's security policies and network infrastructure. If any activity occurs that breaks a defined security policy, an alert is triggered and sent to the admins. ## Types of Intrusion Prevention Systems There are several types of IPS solutions, which can be deployed for different purposes. These include: * **Network based intrusion prevention system (NIPS)**, which is installed at strategic points to monitor all network traffic and scan for threats. * **Host intrusion prevention system (HIPS)**, which is installed on an endpoint and looks at inbound/outbound traffic from that machine only. Often combined with NIPS, an HIPS serves as a last line of defense for threats. * **Network behavior analysis (NBA)** analyzes network traffic to detect unusual traffic flows and spot new malware or zero-day vulnerabilities. * **Wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS)** scans a Wi-Fi network for unauthorized access and removes any unauthorized devices. ## The Benefits of Intrusion Prevention Systems An intrusion prevention system comes with many security benefits: * Reduced business risks and additional security * Better visibility into attacks, and therefore better protection * Increased efficiency allows for Inspection of all traffic for threats * Less resources needed to manage vulnerabilities and patches ## Critical Features of an IPS An IPS is a critical tool for preventing some of the most threatening and advanced attacks. Look for the following capabilities in your chosen IPS: * **IPS vulnerability protection** Application vulnerabilities are a common initial step in the attack lifecycle for breaches, infections, and ransomware. While the number of vulnerabilities reported continues to increase every year, it only takes one vulnerability for adversaries to gain access to an organization. Critical vulnerabilities in applications, such as Apache Struts, Drupal, remote access, VPN, Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SMB, OS,browsers, and IoT systems, continue to be the top attempted exploited vulnerabilities against organizations. Vulnerability exploitation and RDP compromise are two primary ways adversaries gain access to businesses and launch ransomware attacks. This makes vulnerability protection an essential part of security. * **Antimalware protection** A stream-based scanning engine detects known malware and its unknown variations, and then blocks them inline at high speeds. IPS and antimalware protection address multiple threat vectors with one service. This is a convenient alternative to purchasing and maintaining separate IPS products from legacy vendors. * **Comprehensive command-and-control protection** After initial infection, attackers communicate with the host machine through a covert C2 channel. The C2 channel is used to pull down additional malware, issue further instructions, and steal data. With the increasing use of tool sets like Cobalt Strike and encrypted or obfuscated traffic, it is easier for attackers to create completely customizable command-and-control channels. These channels cannot be stopped with traditional signature-based approaches. Therefore, it is essential that IPS solutions include capabilities to block and prevent unknown C2 inline. IPS solutions should also detect and stop outbound C2 communications from systems that may have been compromised by: * Known malware families * Web shells * Remote access Trojans * **Automated security actions** Security operations teams should be able to quickly act, quarantine, and effect policy to control potential infections. This includes stronger security policies and controls, such as automatic multi-factor authentication. * **Broad visibility and granular control** Incident response teams benefit from being able to immediately determine which systems are under attack and which users are potentially infected. This is far more efficient than guessing based on IP addresses. Giving policy control over applications and users to IT and security staff vastly simplifies network security policy creation and management. * **Consistent, simplified policy management** For comprehensive protection, modern distributed networks need consistent policies across the: * Corporate perimeter * Data center * Public and private clouds * SaaS applications * Remote users. * **Automated threat intelligence** Generating and consuming high-quality threat intelligence is important, but automatically turning that intelligence into protection is a necessity. Modern IPS must be able to automatically take advantage of threat intelligence to keep up with the speed of attacks. ## Deep Learning for Evasive Threat Detection To protect against the increase of sophisticated and evasive threats, intrusion prevention systems should deploy inline deep learning. Inline deep learning significantly enhances detections and accurately identifies never-before-seen malicious traffic without relying on signatures. Deep-learning models go through several layers of analysis and process millions of data points in milliseconds. These sophisticated pattern recognition systems analyze network traffic activity with unparalleled accuracy. Such systems can also identifying unknown malicious traffic inline with few false positives. This additional layer of intelligent protection provides further protection of sensitive information and prevents attacks that can paralyze an organization. To learn more about how IPS solutions work within a security infrastructure, check out this paper: [Palo Alto Networks Approach to Intrusion Prevention](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/paloaltonetworks-approach-to-intrusion-prevention-wp.html). ## Intrusion Prevention System FAQs ### What is an IPS? An Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) is a network security device or software application that monitors network traffic and takes automated actions to prevent potential threats and unauthorized access. It analyzes incoming and outgoing traffic, identifies malicious activity, and takes immediate steps to block or mitigate threats in real time, safeguarding the network's integrity and security. ### What's the difference between IPS vs. IDS? While IPS and IDS play crucial roles in network security, their functionalities differ significantly. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) primarily focuses on identifying and alerting suspicious activities. It monitors network traffic, analyzes patterns, and generates alerts when potential threats are detected. An IPS, on the other hand, goes a step further by taking proactive measures to prevent those threats. It detects malicious activity and implements immediate actions to block or mitigate the threat, preventing it from impacting the network. ### What are the key features of an IPS? * Real-time Traffic Analysis and Threat Prevention: Continuous network traffic monitoring and automatic response to detected threats. * Deep Packet Inspection (DPI): In-depth examination of packet contents to identify malicious payloads and exploit attempts. * Signature-based Detection: Recognition of known threats based on pre-defined signatures and patterns. * Anomaly-based Detection: Identification of unusual activity patterns that deviate from normal network behavior. * Automatic Threat Response and Blocking: Implement pre-configured actions to block malicious traffic, terminate connections, or isolate infected systems. ### What is the importance of an IPS for Network Security? An IPS provides an essential layer of protection by actively preventing threats from entering the network. It offers several benefits, including: * Reduced Risk of Data Breaches: Proactively preventing malware, exploits, and unauthorized access attempts minimizes the risk of data breaches and compromises. * Enhanced Network Security Posture: An IPS strengthens overall network security by complementing existing defenses like firewalls and IDS. * Protection Against Evolving Threats: Continuous updates and signature expansions ensure protection against emerging threats and zero-day attacks. * Improved Incident Response: Automatic threat blocking reduces the impact of successful attacks and facilitates faster incident response. ### Can I integrate an IPS into Existing Security Infrastructure? An IPS can be seamlessly integrated into an existing security infrastructure by being deployed in line with network traffic. This ensures that all incoming and outgoing traffic passes through the IPS, allowing it to monitor and respond to threats in real time. Effective integration requires proper configuration, regular updates, and coordination with other security tools like firewalls, IDS, and security information and event management (SIEM) systems. Related content [Command and Control Explained Command and Control, or C2, is the set of tools and techniques threat actors use to maintain communication with compromised devices after initial exploitation.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/command-and-control-explained?ts=markdown) [Protect your network with deep learning and machine learning Palo Alto Networks Advanced Threat Prevention is the first IPS solution to block unknown evasive command and control inline with unique deep learning models.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/network-security/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown) [See the Palo Alto Networks Approach to Intrusion Prevention Palo Alto Networks Threat Prevention goes beyond traditional intrusion prevention systems to inspect all traffic and automatically blocks known threats.](https://start.paloaltonetworks.com/paloaltonetworks-approach-to-intrusion-prevention-wp) [See the first IPS to block unknown C2 in real time Palo Alto Networks Advanced Threat Prevention blocks unknown evasive command and control traffic inline with unique deep learning and machine learning models.](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/resources/datasheets/advanced-threat-prevention?ts=markdown) ![Share page on facebook](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/facebook-circular-icon.svg) ![Share page on linkedin](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/linkedin-circular-icon.svg) [![Share page by an email](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/etc/clientlibs/clean/imgs/resources/email-circular-icon.svg)](mailto:?subject=What%20is%20an%20Intrusion%20Prevention%20System%3F&body=Learn%20how%20Intrusion%20Prevention%20Systems%20%28IPS%29%20block%20threats%20in%20real%20time.%20Explore%20their%20role%20in%20strengthening%20your%20organization%27s%20cybersecurity%20defenses.%20at%20https%3A//www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/what-is-an-intrusion-prevention-system-ips) Back to Top [Previous](https://www.paloaltonetworks.com/cyberpedia/threat-hunting?ts=markdown) What Is Threat Hunting? 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